Soluble oil



Patented Mar. 15,1927.

UNiTD s'rarss 1,621,483 PATENT o Fics.

HOWARD DmHIG. OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO THE TEXAS COMPANY, 01

YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF TEXAS.

SOLUBLE OIL.

, No Drawing.

a suitable and inexpensive mineral oil, while employing alcohol orammonia, or the like, as a mutual or common solvent for the purpose ofsecuring the desired degree of misl5 cibility and stability. Thesemutual solvents temporarily efiected their intended purpose but, on longstanding, the oily mixtures tended to separate and revert to anon-miscible condition. As this reversion is particularly marked whenthe soluble oil is left .partially open to the atmosphere, it isbelieved that this action is due largely to'the low boiling points ofthe mutual solvents emplo edin the prior art, thus permitting readyevaporation thereof. Consequently, the character ofrthe soluble oil isnot fixed and the emulsifying agent and oil tend to separate as themutual solvent is removed by evaporation. so Having in mind thisdifliculty of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention toprovide an improved, substantially stable and permanent soluble oil bythe utilization of a mutual solvent, preferably, a phenolic 5 body,which has a relatively high boiling point, and which, therefore, willnot evaporate readily under ordinary conditions. For this purpose Icombine the usual emulsifying a ant and the 'oil with a mutual solovent, pre erably of a phenolic type, as cresol or phenol, either one ofwhich serves the purpose of securing the desired solubility ormiscibility of the other ingredients, while maintaining these propertieswithout sub- 5 stantial change under ordinary conditions. The amount ofthe mutual solventnecessary may vary considerably, but is generally lessthan the corresponding amount of alcohol orammonia required in the priorart.

a It should be understood at the outset that 5 properties of phenolicbodies believed The Application filed February 8, 1924. Serial No.691,508.

to be especially beneficial to the production and continued maintenanceof an improved and superior commercial product.

The present invention may best be understood from the followingdescription of a soluble oil constituting a preferred embodimentthereof.

The soluble oil base is first prepared, and subsequently is mixed withan inexpensive mineral oil in the proportions of about one part of thebase to from two to six parts of oil.-

The soluble oil base may be prepared from any well-known emulsifyingagent, such as those made. from sodium, potassium or ammonium soaps ofinexpensive fatty or rosin acids, '(for exampleoleic, rosin or stearic)to which a small amount of a mutual or common solvent, preferably of thephenolic t pe, such as cresol (cresyhc acid) or phenol (iaarbolic acid)is added. Phenol and cresol are particularly adapted for use as mutualsolvents, both by reason of the peculiar properties of phenolic bodies,as well as their relatively high boiling points. 'Other mutual solventshaving boiling points at least as high as 150 C. may also be employed,butit is preferred to use mutual solvents of the phenolic type, since Inow consider that such products produce results of superior quallty.

As an illustrative exam 1c of a soluble oil base that has been founsatisfactory, the following ingredients are mixed in the proportionsindicated below:

As already intimated, the emulsi ing agent, constituting a part of theabove ase,

may be composed of other well-known ingredients prepared in'accordancewith the practice familiar in the art, so that the elements andproportions above indicated are not in any way restrictive but merelyexempla Havmg mixed the soluble oil base in the its general mannerdescribed above, it is subsequently added to a suitable mexpensivtmineral oil, which ma constitute most any oil having the properubricating roperties. proportions of the soluble 0' base d the oil willvary conslderaoiy in accordance with the particular in redients employedand the results desire but in eneral, it will he found that they shoulbe mixed in about the proportions of one part of the soluble oil base toform two to six parts of. the oil. After adding the oil to the base, itis desirable to efiect a thorough mixture by agitating in a suitablemanner until the desired solubility or miscibility of the variousingredients is efiected. Through the agency of the mutual solvent, whichoperates in common on the aiiueous emulsifying agent and the mineral oi,there is produced an absolutely miscible soluble oil of permanentlystable character.

With due regard for the range of propertions of the soluble oil base andthe oil hereinhefore mentioned, I have found that satisfactory solubleoils may be prepared having in general the following contents:

Per cent.

Emulsifying agent 10 to 26 Mineral oil 88 to 71 Commonsolvent 1 110 atAlthough a particular mode of procedure has been descri ed, with respectto the steps of mixing the various ingredients, it he 'understoodthatthis particular order or sequence is not essential'and satisfactoryresults may be secured by first mixing the mutual solvent with themineral oil; and then adding the emulsifying agent thereto, or even bymixing the emulsifying agent, the mutual solvent and the mineral oiltogether in a single batch. The mode of preparation, so far as therelative proportions of parts and sequence of steps is concerned, is notat all critical, but the essence of the invention resides in utilizing,in conjunction with an emulsifying agent, and a mineral oil, a mutualsolvent, preferably of the phenolic type, having a relatively highboiling point, thereby preventing its own subsequent evaporation underordinary conditions and thus insuring permanence and stability in thecharacter of the soluble oil produced.

Only such limitations should be imposed as are indicated in theappendedclaims.

What I claim is:

1. A stable soluble oil com rising mineral oil, sodium-resinate and a pend as a mutual solvent.

2. A stable soluble oil comprising mineral oil, sodium resinate andcresol as a mutual solvent.

3. A stable soluble oil comprising mineral oil, sodium resinate, oleicacid and a phenol."

4%. A stable soluble oil, comprising mineral oil, a soap, oleic acid anda phenol.

In witness'whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 31st day of January,1924.

HOWARD DIMMIG.

